Corresponding grades of Alloy 20 at home and abroad:

The minimum mechanical properties of Alloy 20 at room temperature

Alloy 20 (UNS NO8020)Chemical composition:

Feature:

UNS NO8020 has excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking and good resistance to corrosion by local reducing composite media. It is applied in sulfuric acid environments and industrial facilities with sulfuric acid solutions containing halogen ions and metal ions. It has excellent resistance to oxidizing and moderately reducing corrosion and exhibits satisfactory corrosion resistance in many chemical process media.

Metallographic structure of UNS NO8020:

This alloy was treated at 1120℃ for 2 hours, and only TiN nitrides and Cr7C3 type carbides were present. After long-term aging at 1500℃ at 870℃, the microstructure still contained Cr7C3 and TiN, indicating that the microstructure of this alloy was stable.

Process Performance and Requirements of UNS NO8020:

1. This alloy has excellent hot working performance. The heating temperature for forging steel ingots is 1110℃ to 1140℃.

2. The average grain size of this alloy is closely related to the deformation degree of the forging and the final forging temperature.

3. The alloy has excellent welding properties and can be connected by various methods such as arc welding, argon arc welding, resistance welding and brazing. Large or complex welded structural components should be annealed at 870℃ for 1 hour after fusion welding to eliminate welding stress.

The application scope and fields of UNS NO8020 include:

UNS NO8020 is applied in sulfuric acid environments and sulfuric acid solutions containing halogen ions and metal ions, such as hydrometallurgy and sulfuric acid industrial equipment, including highly corrosive inorganic acid solutions, chlorine gas and various media containing chlorides, dry chlorine gas, formic acid and acetic acid, anhydrides, seawater and brine, etc.

**Alloy 556 * * (also known as RA333 * * or UNS R30556 * *) is a nickel chromium cobalt iron-based high-temperature alloy known for its excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and high strength. It is particularly suitable for extreme high temperature and corrosive environments, and is widely used in fields such as aerospace, energy, and chemical engineering. Here is a detailed introduction about Alloy 556:

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### 1. **Chemical composition**

The main components of Alloy 556 include:

-Nickel (Ni): 19.0% -23.0%

-Chromium (Cr): 20.0% -23.0%

-Cobalt (Co): 18.0% -21.0%

-* * Iron (Fe) * *: Excess

-Molybdenum (Mo): 2.5% -3.5%

-Tungsten (W): 2.0% -3.0%

-Aluminum (Al): 0.10% -0.50%

-* * Titanium (Ti) * *: 0.10% -0.50%

-Carbon (C): ≤ 0.10%

-Manganese (Mn): ≤ 1.50%

-Silicon (Si): ≤ 0.50%

-Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.015%

-Copper (Cu): ≤ 0.50%

---

### 2. **Performance characteristics**

####(1) High temperature performance**

-Alloy 556 exhibits excellent oxidation resistance and creep resistance at high temperatures (up to 1200 ° C), making it suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

-It maintains high strength and hardness at high temperatures, with a tensile strength of 700-900 MPa and a yield strength of 300-500 MPa.

####(2) Corrosion resistance**

-It exhibits good corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing media, especially in acidic, alkaline, and chloride environments.

-Has high resistance to stress corrosion cracking caused by chloride.

####(3) * * Mechanical performance**

-After heat treatment, the tensile strength of Alloy 556 can reach 700-900 MPa, the yield strength is 300-500 MPa, and the elongation is 30%.

-It has good ductility and plasticity, and can maintain excellent performance even at low temperatures.

####(4) Processing and welding performance**

-It has good cold and hot processing performance and can be formed through processes such as forging, rolling, and drawing.

-Excellent welding performance, commonly used welding methods include TIG welding, MIG welding, and plasma welding.

---

### 3. **Physical performance**

-Density: 8.33 g/cm ³.

-* * Thermal conductivity * *: 12.0 W/(m · K) (21 ° C).

-* * Electrical resistivity * *: 110 Ω· cm (21 ° C).

-* * Coefficient of thermal expansion * *: 14.0 × 10 ⁻⁶/K (20 ° C-100 ° C).

---

### 4. **Heat treatment process**

-Solid solution treatment: usually carried out at 1100 ° C-1150 ° C, followed by rapid cooling to optimize corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

-* * Aging treatment * *: includes two-stage aging treatment (such as 720 ° C and 620 ° C) to enhance tensile strength and hardness.

--- 

### 5. **Application Fields**

-Aerospace: Used for manufacturing key components such as turbine blades, combustion chambers, bolts, etc. for aircraft engines.

-Energy sector: Suitable for gas turbines, nuclear reactor fuel rods, and structural materials.

-Chemical equipment: used for reactors, pipelines, and valves in high-temperature and highly corrosive media.

-Mechanical manufacturing: used for manufacturing heat-resistant springs, fasteners, and high-temperature molds.

---

### 6. **Advantages and disadvantages**

####* * Advantages**

-Excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance.

-Good processing and welding performance.

-Has long-term stability in high temperature and high pressure environments.

####* * Disadvantages**

-High cost and difficult processing.

-Stress corrosion cracking may occur in extremely high stress environments.

---

###Summary

Alloy 556 is a high-performance nickel based high-temperature alloy widely used in aerospace, energy, chemical and other fields. Its excellent high-temperature performance, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for high-end industrial materials. Despite its high cost, its comprehensive performance has irreplaceable advantages in harsh environments.

If you need more detailed technical parameters or application cases, you can refer to relevant standards (such as ASTM B637, AMS 5542) or contact professional suppliers.

Similar grades

Chemical composition of Inconel 601:

Physical properties of Inconel 601:

The minimum mechanical properties of Inconel 601 alloy at room temperature:

Annealing treatment

This alloy has the following characteristics:

It has excellent oxidation resistance at high temperatures

2. Excellent anti-carbonization property

3. It has excellent antioxidant properties in sulfur-containing atmospheres

4. It has excellent mechanical properties both at room temperature and high temperature

5. Excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking: Due to the controlled carbon content and grain size, 601 has a relatively high creep fracture strength. Therefore, 601 is recommended for use in applications above 500 ° C.

The metallographic structure of Inconel 601:

601 has a face-centered cubic lattice structure.

Corrosion resistance of Inconel 601:

One important property of 601 alloy is that it has oxidation resistance at temperatures as high as 1180℃. Even under very harsh conditions, such as during heating and cooling cycles, 601 can form a dense oxide film and achieve high anti-peeling properties. 601 has excellent carbonization resistance. Due to its high content of chromium and aluminum, 601 has excellent oxidation resistance in a high-temperature sulfur-containing atmosphere.

The application scope and fields of Inconel 601 include:

Pallets, baskets and jigs for heat treatment plants.

2. Steel wire strand annealing and radiant tubes, high-speed gas burners, wire mesh belts in industrial furnaces.

3. Isolation tanks in ammonia reforming and catalytic support grids in nitric acid manufacturing.

4. Exhaust system components

5. Combustion chamber of solid waste incinerator

6. Pipe support and ash treatment department

**Alloy 601** (also known as **Inconel 601** or **UNS N06601**) is a nickel-chromium-iron superalloy, renowned for its excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and high strength. It is particularly suitable for high-temperature oxidation environments and is widely used in heat treatment, chemical engineering, energy and other fields.

The following is a detailed introduction about Alloy 601:

---

1. ** Chemical Composition **

The main components of Alloy 601 include:

- Nickel (Ni) : 58.0% - 63.0%

- Chromium (Cr) : 21.0% - 25.0%

- ** Iron (Fe)**: Surplus

- ** Aluminium (Al)**: 1.0% - 1.7%

- Carbon (C) : ≤0.10%

- Manganese (Mn) : ≤1.0%

- Silicon (Si) : ≤0.50%

- Copper (Cu) : ≤1.0%

Sulfur (S) : ≤0.015%.

---

2. ** Performance Characteristics **

#### (1) ** High-temperature performance **

Alloy 601 exhibits excellent oxidation resistance and thermal corrosion resistance at high temperatures (up to 1250°C), and is suitable for high-temperature oxidizing environments.

It still maintains high strength and hardness at high temperatures, with tensile strength reaching 600-800 MPa and yield strength of 250-400 MPa.

#### (2) Corrosion resistance

It shows excellent corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing media, especially in acidic, alkaline and chloride environments.

It has a high resistance to stress corrosion cracking caused by chlorides.

#### (3) ** Mechanical properties **

After heat treatment, the tensile strength of Alloy 601 can reach 600-800 MPa, the yield strength is 250-400 MPa, and the elongation is 30%.

It has excellent ductility and plasticity and can maintain outstanding performance even at low temperatures.

#### (4) Machining and welding performance

It has excellent cold and hot working performance and can be formed through processes such as forging, rolling and drawing.

It has excellent welding performance. Common welding methods include TIG welding, MIG welding and plasma welding.

---

3. ** Physical Properties **

- ** Density **: 8.11 g/cm³

- ** Thermal conductivity **: 11.2 W/(m·K) (21°C)

- Resistivity: 118 μΩ·cm (21°C).

- Coefficient of thermal expansion: 14.0×10⁻⁶/K (20°C - 100°C).

---

4. ** Heat treatment process **

- ** Solution treatment **: It is usually carried out at 1100°C - 1150°C, followed by rapid cooling to optimize corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

- ** Aging treatment **: It includes two-stage aging treatment (such as 720°C and 620°C) to enhance tensile strength and hardness.

---

5. ** Application Fields **

- ** Heat treatment equipment **: Used for high-temperature furnaces, annealing furnaces and carburizing furnaces.

- ** Chemical equipment **: Reactors, pipelines and valves used in high-temperature and highly corrosive media.

- ** Energy field **: Applicable to gas turbines, nuclear reactor fuel rods and structural materials.

- ** Mechanical Manufacturing **: Used for manufacturing heat-resistant springs, fasteners and high-temperature molds.

---

6. ** Advantages and Disadvantages **

#### ** Advantages

- Excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.

- Good processing performance and welding performance.

It has long-term stability in high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

#### ** Disadvantages **

It has a relatively high cost and is difficult to process.

Stress corrosion cracking may occur in extremely high-stress environments.

---

Summary

Alloy 601 is a high-performance nickel-based superalloy, which is widely used in heat treatment, chemical engineering, energy and other fields. Its outstanding high-temperature performance, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for high-end industrial materials. Despite its high cost, its comprehensive performance has irreplaceable advantages in harsh environments.

If more detailed technical parameters or application cases are needed, relevant standards (such as ASTM B637, AMS 5542) can be referred to or professional suppliers can be contacted.

**Alloy 617** (also known as **Inconel 617** or **UNS N06617**) is a nickel-chromium-cobalt-molybdenum superalloy, renowned for its excellent high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and high strength. It is particularly suitable for extreme high-temperature and corrosive environments and is widely used in aerospace, energy, chemical and other fields.

The following is a detailed introduction about Alloy 617:

---

1. ** Chemical Composition **

The main components of Alloy 617 include:

- Nickel (Ni) : 44.5% - 60.0%

- Chromium (Cr) : 20.0% - 24.0%

- Cobalt (Co) : 10.0% - 15.0%

- Molybdenum (Mo) : 8.0% - 10.0%

- ** Aluminium (Al)**: 0.8% - 1.5%

- Titanium (Ti) : ≤0.6%

- Carbon (C) : 0.05% - 0.15%

- Manganese (Mn) : ≤1.0%

- Silicon (Si) : ≤1.0%

- Iron (Fe) : ≤3.0%

- Sulfur (S) : ≤0.015%

- Copper (Cu) : ≤0.5%.

---

2. ** Performance Characteristics **

#### (1) ** High-temperature performance **

Alloy 617 exhibits excellent oxidation resistance and creep resistance at high temperatures (up to 1100°C) and is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

It still maintains high strength and hardness at high temperatures, with tensile strength reaching 700-900 MPa and yield strength of 300-500 MPa.

#### (2) Corrosion resistance

It shows excellent corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing media, especially in acidic, alkaline and chloride environments.

It has a high resistance to stress corrosion cracking caused by chlorides.

#### (3) ** Mechanical properties **

After heat treatment, the tensile strength of Alloy 617 can reach 700-900 MPa, the yield strength is 300-500 MPa, and the elongation is 30%.

It has excellent ductility and plasticity and can maintain outstanding performance even at low temperatures.

#### (4) Machining and welding performance

It has excellent cold and hot working performance and can be formed through processes such as forging, rolling and drawing.

It has excellent welding performance. Common welding methods include TIG welding, MIG welding and plasma welding.

---

3. ** Physical Properties **

- ** Density **: 8.36 g/cm³

- ** Thermal conductivity **: 13.4 W/(m·K) (21°C)

- Resistivity: 125 μΩ·cm (21°C).

- Coefficient of thermal expansion: 14.0×10⁻⁶/K (20°C - 100°C).

---

4. ** Heat treatment process **

- ** Solution treatment **: It is usually carried out at 1100°C - 1150°C, followed by rapid cooling to optimize corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

- ** Aging treatment **: It includes two-stage aging treatment (such as 720°C and 620°C) to enhance tensile strength and hardness.

---

5. ** Application Fields **

- ** Aerospace **: It is used to manufacture key components such as turbine blades, combustion chambers, and bolts for aero engines.

- ** Energy field **: Applicable to gas turbines, nuclear reactor fuel rods and structural materials.

- ** Chemical equipment **: Reactors, pipelines and valves used in high-temperature and highly corrosive media.

- ** Mechanical Manufacturing **: Used for manufacturing heat-resistant springs, fasteners and high-temperature molds.

---

6. ** Advantages and Disadvantages **

#### ** Advantages

- Excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.

- Good processing performance and welding performance.

It has long-term stability in high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

#### ** Disadvantages **

It has a relatively high cost and is difficult to process.

Stress corrosion cracking may occur in extremely high-stress environments.

---

Summary

Alloy 617 is a high-performance nickel-based superalloy and is widely used in fields such as aerospace, energy, and chemical engineering. Its outstanding high-temperature performance, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for high-end industrial materials. Despite its high cost, its comprehensive performance has irreplaceable advantages in harsh environments.

If more detailed technical parameters or application cases are needed, relevant standards (such as ASTM B637, AMS 5542) can be referred to or professional suppliers can be contacted.

**Alloy 718** (also known as **Inconel 718** or **UNS N07718**) is a precipitation-hardening nickel-chromium superalloy, renowned for its excellent high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and high strength. It is one of the most widely used high-temperature alloys at present, especially holding an important position in the aerospace, energy and chemical industries.

The following is a detailed introduction about Alloy 718:

---

1. ** Chemical Composition **

The main components of Alloy 718 include:

- Nickel (Ni) : 50.0% - 55.0%

- Chromium (Cr) : 17.0% - 21.0%

- Iron (Fe): Surplus

- Niobium (Nb) : 4.75% - 5.50%

- Molybdenum (Mo) : 2.80% - 3.30%

- Titanium (Ti) : 0.65% - 1.15%

- Aluminium (Al): 0.20% - 0.80%

- Carbon (C) : ≤0.08%

- Manganese (Mn) : ≤0.35%

- Silicon (Si) : ≤0.35%

- Sulfur (S) : ≤0.015%

- Copper (Cu) : ≤0.30%.

---

2. ** Performance Characteristics **

#### (1) ** High-temperature performance **

Alloy 718 exhibits excellent oxidation resistance and creep resistance at high temperatures (up to 700°C), and is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

It maintains high strength and hardness at high temperatures, with a tensile strength of up to 1300 MPa and a yield strength of 1100 MPa.

#### (2) Corrosion resistance

It shows excellent corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing media, especially in acidic, alkaline and chloride environments.

It has a high resistance to stress corrosion cracking caused by chlorides.

#### (3) ** Mechanical properties **

After precipitation hardening treatment, the tensile strength of Alloy 718 can reach 1300 MPa, the yield strength is 1100 MPa, and the elongation is 12%.

It has excellent ductility and plasticity and can maintain outstanding performance even at low temperatures.

#### (4) Machining and welding performance

It has excellent cold and hot working performance and can be formed through processes such as forging, rolling and drawing.

It has excellent welding performance. Common welding methods include TIG welding, MIG welding and plasma welding.

---

3. ** Physical Properties **

- ** Density **: 8.19 g/cm³

- ** Thermal conductivity **: 11.4 W/(m·K) (21°C)

- Resistivity: 125 μΩ·cm (21°C).

- Coefficient of thermal expansion: 13.0×10⁻⁶/K (20°C - 100°C).

---

4. ** Heat treatment process **

- ** Solution treatment **: It is usually carried out at 950°C - 980°C, followed by rapid cooling to optimize corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

- ** Aging treatment **: It includes two-stage aging treatment (such as 720°C and 620°C) to enhance tensile strength and hardness.

---

5. ** Application Fields **

- ** Aerospace **: It is used to manufacture key components such as turbine blades, combustion chambers, and bolts for aero engines.

- ** Energy field **: Applicable to gas turbines, nuclear reactor fuel rods and structural materials.

- ** Chemical equipment **: Reactors, pipelines and valves used in high-temperature and highly corrosive media.

- ** Mechanical Manufacturing **: Used for manufacturing heat-resistant springs, fasteners and high-temperature molds.

---

6. ** Advantages and Disadvantages **

#### ** Advantages

- Excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.

- Good processing performance and welding performance.

It has long-term stability in high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

#### ** Disadvantages **

It has a relatively high cost and is difficult to process.

Stress corrosion cracking may occur in extremely high-stress environments.

---

Summary

Alloy 718 is a high-performance nickel-based superalloy and is widely used in fields such as aerospace, energy, and chemical engineering. Its outstanding high-temperature performance, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for high-end industrial materials. Despite its high cost, its comprehensive performance has irreplaceable advantages in harsh environments.

If more detailed technical parameters or application cases are needed, relevant standards (such as ASTM B637, AMS 5542) can be referred to or professional suppliers can be contacted.

Similar grades

Chemical composition of Incoloy 925:

Physical properties of Incoloy 925:

The minimum mechanical properties of Incoloy 925 alloy at room temperature:

The Incoloy 925 alloy has the following characteristics:

It has good mechanical strength and wide corrosion resistance

Incoloy 925 Application Scope Application fields:

It is often used in the manufacturing of components for oil and gas drilling equipment.

**Alloy 925** is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy, belonging to the super austenitic stainless steel series. It has excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and good processing performance.

The following is a detailed introduction about Alloy 925:

---

1. ** Chemical Composition **

The main components of Alloy 925 include:

- Nickel (Ni) : 42.0% - 46.0%

- Chromium (Cr) : 19.5% - 23.5%

- Molybdenum (Mo) : 2.5% - 3.5%

- Copper (Cu) : 1.5% - 3.0%

- ** Iron (Fe)**: Surplus

- Titanium (Ti) : 0.6% - 1.2%

- ** Aluminium (Al)**: 0.1% - 0.6%

- Manganese (Mn) : ≤1.0%

- Silicon (Si) : ≤0.5%

- Carbon (C) : ≤0.03%.

---

2. ** Performance Characteristics **

#### (1) Corrosion resistance

Alloy 925 performs well in acidic, alkaline and chloride environments, especially having extremely high resistance to pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.

It can still maintain good corrosion resistance in high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

#### (2) High strength and hardness

After aging treatment, the yield strength of Alloy 925 can reach 550-750 MPa, the tensile strength is 690-890 MPa, and the hardness is 30-40 HRC (Rockwell hardness).

Its strength is more than twice that of ordinary stainless steel.

#### (3) ** High temperature performance **

In high-temperature environments, Alloy 925 can still maintain high strength and stability, and is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in fields such as petrochemicals and aerospace.

#### (4) Non-magnetic

-Alloy 925 remains non-magnetic at a temperature as low as -101℃ and is suitable for fields such as electronic devices and medical equipment where low magnetism is required.

#### (5) Abrasion resistance

It has excellent wear resistance and is suitable for the manufacturing of mechanical equipment and tools.

---

3. ** Physical Properties **

- ** Density **: 8.14 g/cm³

- Resistivity: 72 μΩ·cm.

- Thermal conductivity: 11.4 W/m·K.

- Coefficient of thermal expansion: 14.9 µm/m·°C within the range of 20°C to 300°C.

---

4. ** Manufacturing Process **

- ** Melting and Casting **: The castings are obtained through precision casting using a vacuum induction furnace for melting.

- ** Heat treatment **: It includes solution treatment (980-1000℃) and aging treatment (550-600℃) to optimize mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

- ** Processing and Welding **: It can be processed through forging, rolling and other techniques. During welding, temperature and speed need to be controlled. Common methods include TIG welding and MIG welding.

---

5. ** Application Fields **

- ** Aerospace **: Used for manufacturing engine components, turbine blades, etc.

- ** Marine Engineering **: Applicable to seawater treatment equipment, valves, pump shafts, etc.

- ** Petrochemical **: Used in equipment such as pipelines, valves, and reactors.

- ** Medical devices **: Used for artificial joints, dental materials, etc.

- ** Electronics Industry **: Used for high-precision elastic elements and connectors.

---

6. ** Advantages and Disadvantages **

#### ** Advantages

- Excellent corrosion resistance and high strength.

- Good high-temperature performance and wear resistance.

Non-magnetic, suitable for special fields.

#### ** Disadvantages **

Stress corrosion cracking may occur in a high-stress environment.

The production cost is relatively high and the processing difficulty is considerable.

---

Summary

Alloy 925, with its outstanding corrosion resistance, high strength and high-temperature performance, has important applications in fields such as aerospace, Marine engineering and petrochemicals. Despite certain limitations, its comprehensive performance makes it an ideal choice for high-end industrial materials.

Incoloy 926               

Similar grades

Chemical composition of Incoloy 926:

Physical properties of Incoloy 926:

The minimum mechanical properties of Incoloy 926 alloy at room temperature:

This alloy has the following characteristics:

1. It has a very high resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in halide media and acidic media containing H2S

2. It can effectively resist chloride ion stress corrosion cracking in practical applications

3. It has excellent corrosion resistance to various types of corrosion in normal oxidizing and reducing environments

4. The mechanical properties have been greatly improved compared with Cronifer 1925 LC-Alloy 904 L

5. The metallurgical stability has been significantly improved compared with the alloys of the same series with a nickel content of 18%

6. Possess relevant certifications for pressure vessel manufacturing (VdTUV-196 ~ 400℃ and ASME certification)

The metallographic structure of Incoloy 926

926 has a face-centered cubic lattice structure.

The corrosion resistance of Incoloy 926:

926 is an austenitic stainless steel with a chemical composition similar to alloy 904L. Its nitrogen content has increased to about 0.2% and the molybdenum content is approximately 6.5%. The increase in the content of nitrogen and molybdenum significantly enhances the resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in halide media. Meanwhile, nickel and nitrogen not only ensure the stability of the metallographic structure, but also reduce the tendency of intergranular phase precipitation during hot working or welding compared with alloys with lower nickel-nitrogen content. The excellent local corrosion resistance of alloy 926, combined with a 25% nickel content, makes it particularly outstanding in corrosion resistance in chloride ion media. Tests in various FGD systems of limestone slurry with a chloride concentration of 10,000-70,000 PPM, a PH value of 5-6, and a working temperature of 50-68℃ show that after a 1- 2-year test period, alloy 926 basically did not undergo pitting corrosion or crepitting corrosion. 926 alloy also has excellent corrosion resistance in other chemical media, as well as high-temperature and high-concentration media, including sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acidic gases, seawater, salts and organic acids. Alloy 926 is the material selected for Chapter 6 "Specifications for Containers for the Storage and Transportation of Dangerous Goods" in the BAM catalogue of the German National Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) located in Berlin. In addition, only when the material is in the correct metallurgical state and under the condition of ensuring cleanliness can it have the best corrosion resistance.

The application scope and fields of Incoloy 926 include:

926 alloy is a versatile material that can be applied in many industrial fields:

1. Fire protection systems, seawater purification systems, hydraulic and injection piping systems in Marine engineering

2. Bleaching tanks in cellulose pulp production

3. Polishing rods in corrosive oil Wells

4. Hose systems in Marine engineering

5. Pipelines, joints, gas flow systems, etc. in the production of acidic gases

6. Components in the flue gas desulfurization system

7. Evaporators, heat exchangers, filters, mixers, etc. in phosphoric acid production

8. Sulfuric acid separation and condensation system

9. Evaporators for concentrating and crystallizing salts

10. Condensation and piping systems in power plants that use wastewater cooling water

11. Containers for transporting corrosive chemicals

12. Production of organic derivatives using acidic chloride catalysts

13. Reverse osmosis desalination plant

**Alloy 926** (also known as UNS N08926 or 1.4529) is a highly alloyed super austenitic stainless steel, renowned for its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and good processing performance. It is particularly suitable for extreme corrosive environments, such as seawater, acidic media and high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.

The following is a detailed introduction about Alloy 926:

---

1. ** Chemical Composition **

The main components of Alloy 926 include:

- Nickel (Ni) : 24.0% - 26.0%

- Chromium (Cr) : 19.0% - 21.0%

- Molybdenum (Mo) : 6.0% - 7.0%

- Copper (Cu) : 0.5% - 1.5%

- Iron (Fe)**: Surplus

- Nitrogen (N) : 0.15% - 0.25%

- Manganese (Mn) : ≤2.0%

- Silicon (Si) : ≤0.5%

- Carbon (C) : ≤0.02%.

---

2. ** Performance Characteristics **

#### (1) Corrosion resistance

Alloy 926 performs well in a chloride environment, especially having extremely high resistance to pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.

It also exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in acidic media (such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid) and alkaline environments.

It is suitable for environments with high chloride ion concentrations such as seawater and brine.

#### (2) High strength and hardness

It has a relatively high yield strength and tensile strength, with a yield strength of 300-350 MPa and a tensile strength of 650-800 MPa.

The hardness is approximately 200-250 HV (Vickers hardness).

#### (3) ** High temperature performance **

In high-temperature environments (up to 400°C), Alloy 926 can still maintain good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

It is applicable to high-temperature and high-pressure chemical equipment and pipeline systems.

#### (4) Machining performance

It has excellent cold and hot working performance and can be formed through processes such as forging, rolling and drawing.

It has excellent welding performance. Common welding methods include TIG welding, MIG welding and plasma welding.

---

3. ** Physical Properties **

- Density **: 8.1 g/cm³

- Resistivity: 85 μΩ·cm.

- Thermal conductivity **: 12 W/m·K

- Coefficient of thermal expansion: 15.5 µm/m·°C within the range of 20°C to 100°C.

- Melting point: 1320°C - 1390°C.

---

4. ** Manufacturing Process **

- ** Melting and Casting **: The castings are obtained through precision casting using a vacuum induction furnace for melting.

- ** Heat treatment **: Solution treatment is usually carried out at 1100°C - 1150°C, followed by rapid cooling to optimize corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

- ** Processing and Welding **: It can be formed through cold working and hot working. During welding, the temperature and speed need to be controlled to avoid corrosion sensitivity in the heat-affected zone.

---

5. ** Application Fields **

- ** Marine Engineering **: Used in seawater desalination equipment, seawater pumps, valves and piping systems.

- ** Petrochemical **: Applicable to acidic gas treatment equipment, reactors, heat exchangers and pipelines.

- ** Environmental Protection Engineering **: Used in flue gas desulfurization devices, wastewater treatment equipment, etc.

- ** Power Industry **: High-temperature and high-pressure components used in nuclear power plants and thermal power plants.

- ** Food and Pharmaceutical **: Suitable for equipment with high cleanliness and corrosion resistance requirements.

---

6. ** Advantages and Disadvantages **

#### ** Advantages

It performs exceptionally well in extremely corrosive environments, especially in environments with high chloride ion concentrations.

High strength, excellent high-temperature performance and processing performance.

It has excellent welding performance and is easy to manufacture complex components.

#### ** Disadvantages **

It has a relatively high cost and a price higher than that of ordinary stainless steel.

Stress corrosion cracking may occur in high-temperature and high-stress environments.

---

Summary

Alloy 926 is a high-performance super austenitic stainless steel, suitable for extreme corrosive environments and high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. It has extensive applications in fields such as Marine engineering, petrochemicals, and environmental protection engineering. Despite its relatively high cost, its excellent comprehensive performance makes it an ideal choice for high-end industrial materials.         

Alloy B is a nickel-molybdenum alloy, renowned for its excellent corrosion resistance, especially excelling in reducing acid environments.

The following are its main features and applications:

Main ingredients

- Nickel (Ni) : Approximately 60%

- Molybdenum (Mo) : Approximately 28%

- Iron (Fe)**: Approximately 5%

- Chromium (Cr) : Approximately 1%

- Other elements: Small amounts of carbon, silicon, manganese, etc

Features

1. "Corrosion Resistance" :

It performs well in reducing acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.

It has a strong resistance to stress corrosion cracking caused by chloride ions.

2. ** Mechanical Properties **

- Good strength and toughness.

It still maintains stable mechanical properties at high temperatures.

3. ** Processing performance **

It can be formed through cold working and hot working.

It has good welding performance, but attention should be paid to the heat treatment after welding.

Application fields

1. **Chemical Industry**

It is used for manufacturing reactors, heat exchangers, pipes and other equipment.

It is suitable for strong acid, strong alkali and high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

2. ** Oil and Gas **

Equipment and pipelines for acidic oil and gas fields.

3. Environmental Protection Project:

It is used in environmental protection equipment such as flue gas desulfurization devices.

Notes

- ** Heat treatment **: It needs to be carried out at a specific temperature to optimize performance.

- ** Welding **: It is recommended to undergo heat treatment after welding to relieve stress and restore corrosion resistance.

Summary

Alloy B, with its excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, is widely used in fields such as chemical engineering, petroleum, natural gas and environmental protection engineering.

Hastelloy C-22

The chemical composition of Hastelloy C-22:

Physical properties of Hastelloy C-22:

The minimum mechanical properties of Hastelloy C-22 alloy at room temperature:

Characteristics under Hastelloy C-22:

Hastelloy C-22 alloy is an all-round nickel-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy, which has better overall corrosion resistance than other existing nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys, including Hastelloy C-276, C4 alloy and 625 alloy. Hastelloy C-22 alloy has excellent resistance to pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. It has excellent resistance to oxidizing water media, including wet chlorine, nitric acid or mixed acids of oxidizing acids containing chloride ions. Meanwhile, Hastelloy C-22 alloy also has an ideal ability to resist the reducing and oxidizing environments encountered during the process. Relying on this universal performance, it can be used in some troublesome environments or applied in factories with various production purposes. Hastelloy C-22 alloy has an exceptional resistance to various chemical environments, including strong oxidizing substances such as ferric chloride, copper chloride, chlorine, thermally contaminated solutions (organic and inorganic), formic acid, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, seawater and salt solutions, etc. Hastelloy C-22 alloy has the ability to resist the formation of grain boundary precipitation in the heat-affected zone of welding, which enables it to adapt to the application of many kinds of chemical processes even in the welded state.

The metallographic structure of Hastelloy C-22

Hastelloy C-22 has a face-centered cubic lattice structure.

Corrosion resistance of Hastelloy C-22:

Hastelloy C-22 alloy is suitable for various chemical process industries containing oxidizing and reducing media. The higher content of molybdenum and chromium enables the alloy to resist the erosion of chloride ions, and the element of tungsten further enhances its corrosion resistance. Hastelloy C-22 is one of the few materials that can resist the corrosion of moist chlorine gas, hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide solutions. This alloy has significant corrosion resistance to high-concentration chloride salt solutions (such as ferric chloride and copper chloride).

The application scope and fields of Hastelloy C-22 include:

Hastelloy C-22 alloy has been widely applied in the fields of chemical engineering and petrochemicals, such as in components and catalytic systems that come into contact with chloride-containing organic compounds. This material is particularly suitable for use in high-temperature environments, inorganic and organic acids mixed with impurities (such as formic acid and acetic acid), and seawater corrosive environments.

Other application fields of Hastelloy C-22:

1. Acetic acid/acetic anhydride

2. Acid leaching

3. Cellophane manufacturing

4. Chlorination system

5. Complex mixed acids

6. Rollers for electro-galvanizing tanks

7. Expanded corrugated pipe

8. Flue gas cleaner system

9. Geothermal well

10. Hydrogen fluoride furnace cleaner

**Hastelloy C-22** (also known as **UNS N06022**) is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy, renowned for its excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature performance and versatility. It is an improved version of the Hastelloy C series and is widely used in fields such as chemical engineering, petroleum, energy and environmental protection.

The following is a detailed introduction about Hastelloy C-22:

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1. ** Chemical Composition **

The main chemical components of Hastelloy C-22 include:

- Nickel (Ni) : 56.0% - 58.0%

- Chromium (Cr) : 20.0% - 22.5%

- Molybdenum (Mo) : 12.5% - 14.5%

- Tungsten (W) : 2.5% - 3.5%

- Iron (Fe)**: 2.0% - 6.0%

- Cobalt (Co) : ≤2.5%

- Manganese (Mn) : ≤0.50%

- Silicon (Si) : ≤0.08%

- Carbon (C) : ≤0.015%

- Sulfur (S) : ≤0.02%

- Vanadium (V) : ≤0.35%

- Phosphorus (P) : ≤0.02%.

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2. ** Physical Properties **

- Density **: 8.69 g/cm³

- Melting point: 1,325°C - 1,370°C

- Coefficient of thermal expansion: 12.2 × 10⁻⁶ /°C (20°C - 100°C)

- Thermal conductivity **: 10.1 W/(m·K) (20°C

- Resistivity: 1.25 × 10⁻⁶ Ω·m (20°C).

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3. **Mechanical Properties

- ** Tensile strength **: ≥690 MPa

- ** Yield strength: ≥310 MPa

- ** Elongation **: ≥45%.

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4. ** Performance Characteristics **

#### (1) Corrosion resistance

Hastelloy C-22 exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing media, especially in environments with strong acids, strong alkalis and chlorides.

It has extremely high resistance to pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.

It performs exceptionally well in corrosive media such as seawater, brine, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.

#### (2) ** High temperature performance **

At high temperatures (up to 1,000°C), Hastelloy C-22 can still maintain good oxidation resistance and creep resistance.

It is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure environments, such as chemical reactors and heat exchangers.

#### (3) Machining performance

It has excellent cold and hot working performance and can be formed through processes such as forging, rolling and drawing.

It has excellent welding performance. Common welding methods include TIG welding, MIG welding and plasma welding.

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5. ** Application Fields **

- ** Chemical Industry **: It is used to manufacture reactors, heat exchangers, pipelines and other equipment, especially when dealing with corrosive media such as strong acids and strong alkalis.

- ** Oil and Gas **: Equipment used in acidic oil and gas fields, such as valves, pumps and pipelines.

- ** Environmental Protection Engineering **: Used in flue gas desulfurization devices, wastewater treatment equipment, etc.

- ** Pharmaceuticals and Food Processing **: For equipment with high cleanliness and corrosion resistance requirements.

- ** Nuclear Industry **: Components and structural materials used in nuclear reactors.

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6. ** Advantages and Disadvantages **

#### ** Advantages

- Excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance.

- Good processing performance and welding performance.

It has long-term stability in extreme corrosive and high-temperature environments.

#### ** Disadvantages **

It has a relatively high cost and is difficult to process.

It has poor corrosion resistance in a high-speed flowing acidic environment.

---

Summary

Hastelloy C-22 is a high-performance nickel-based alloy and is widely used in fields such as chemical engineering, petroleum, energy and environmental protection. Its outstanding corrosion resistance, high-temperature performance and versatility make it an ideal material for extreme environments. Despite its high cost, its comprehensive performance has irreplaceable advantages in harsh environments.

If more detailed technical parameters or application cases are needed, relevant standards (such as ASTM B575, AMS 5754) can be referred to or professional suppliers can be contacted.

11. Incineration cleaning system

12. Nuclear fuel regeneration

13. Pesticide production

14. Phosphoric acid production

15. Pickling system

16. Plate heat exchanger

17. Selective Filtration system

18. Sulfur dioxide cooling tower

19. Sulfonation system

20. Tubular heat exchanger

21. Surfacing valves

**Alloy X750 * * (also known as Inconel X-750 * * or UNS N07750 * *) is a precipitation hardening nickel chromium high-temperature alloy known for its excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and high strength.

Here is a detailed introduction about Alloy X750:

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### 1. **Chemical composition**

The main components of Alloy X750 include:

-Nickel (Ni): ≥ 70.0%

-Chromium (Cr): 14.0% -17.0%

-Iron (Fe): 5.0% -9.0%

-Titanium (Ti) * *: 2.25% -2.75%

-Aluminum (Al): 0.40% -1.00%

-Niobium (Nb): 0.70% -1.20%

-Carbon (C): ≤ 0.08%

-Manganese (Mn): ≤ 1.00%

-Silicon (Si): ≤ 0.50%

-Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.01%

-Copper (Cu): ≤ 0.50%.  

---

### 2. **Performance characteristics**

####(1) High temperature performance**

-Alloy X750 exhibits excellent oxidation resistance and creep resistance at high temperatures (up to 980 ° C), making it suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

-Has high strength and low creep rate below 700 ° C, suitable for long-term high-temperature work.  

####(2) Corrosion resistance**

-It exhibits good corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing media, especially in acidic, alkaline, and chloride environments.

-Has high resistance to stress corrosion cracking caused by chloride.

####(3) * * Mechanical performance**

-After precipitation hardening treatment, the tensile strength of Alloy X750 can reach 785 MPa, the yield strength is 550-750 MPa, and the elongation is 35%.

-It has good ductility and plasticity, and can maintain excellent performance even at low temperatures.

####(4) Processing and welding performance**

-It has good cold and hot processing performance and can be formed through processes such as forging, rolling, and drawing.

-Excellent welding performance, commonly used welding methods include TIG welding, MIG welding, and plasma welding.

--- 

### 3. **Physical performance**

-Density: 8.28 g/cm ³.

-* * Thermal conductivity * *: 12.0 W/(m · K) (21 ° C).

-* * Electrical resistivity * *: 122 Ω· cm (21 ° C).

-* * Coefficient of thermal expansion * *: 12.0 × 10 ⁻⁶/K (20 ° C-100 ° C).

---

### 4. **Heat treatment process**

-Solid solution treatment: usually carried out at 1100 ° C-1150 ° C, followed by rapid cooling to optimize corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

-* * Aging treatment * *: includes two-stage aging treatment (such as 700 ° C and 620 ° C) to enhance tensile strength and hardness.  

---

### 5. **Application Fields**

-Aerospace: Used for manufacturing key components such as turbine blades, combustion chambers, bolts, etc. for aircraft engines.

-Energy sector: Suitable for gas turbines, nuclear reactor fuel rods, and structural materials.

-Chemical equipment: used for reactors, pipelines, and valves in high-temperature and highly corrosive media.

-Mechanical manufacturing: used for manufacturing heat-resistant springs, fasteners, and high-temperature molds.

--- 

### 6. **Advantages and disadvantages**

####* * Advantages**

-Excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance.

-Good processing and welding performance.

-Has long-term stability in high temperature and high pressure environments.  

####* * Disadvantages**

-High cost and difficult processing.

-Stress corrosion cracking may occur in extremely high stress environments.

---

###Summary

Alloy X750 is a high-performance nickel based high-temperature alloy widely used in aerospace, energy, chemical and other fields. Its excellent high-temperature performance, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for high-end industrial materials. Despite its high cost, its comprehensive performance has irreplaceable advantages in harsh environments.

If you need more detailed technical parameters or application cases, you can refer to relevant standards (such as ASTM B637, AMS 5542) or contact professional suppliers.

Hastelloy C276 

Hastelloy C276 corresponding grades at home and abroad:

Minimum mechanical properties of Hastelloy C276 alloy at room temperature:

Chemical composition of Hastelloy C276:

The hot forming of Hastelloy C-276 alloy is immediately annealed at 1150℃ and rapidly cooled in water. Cold deformation processing of Hastelloy C-276 alloy will increase its strength.

Feature:

Hastelloy C-276 alloy is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy containing tungsten with extremely low silicon and carbon content. It is regarded as a universal corrosion-resistant alloy. It is mainly resistant to wet chlorine, various oxidizing chlorides, chloride salt solutions, sulfuric acid and oxidizing salts, and has excellent corrosion resistance in both low-temperature and medium-temperature hydrochloric acid. Therefore, over the past three decades, it has been widely applied in harsh corrosive environments, such as in the chemical, petrochemical, flue gas desulfurization, pulp and paper, environmental protection and other industrial fields.

This alloy has the following characteristics:

①It has excellent corrosion resistance to most corrosive media in oxidation and reduction atmospheres.

②It has excellent resistance to pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion. The higher contents of Mo and Cr enable the alloy to resist chloride ion corrosion, and the W element further enhances the corrosion resistance. Meanwhile, Hastelloy C-276 alloy is one of the few materials that are resistant to corrosion by moist chlorine gas, hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide solutions, and has significant corrosion resistance to high-concentration chloride salt solutions such as ferric chloride and copper chloride. It is suitable for sulfuric acid solutions of various concentrations and is one of the few materials that can be applied to hot concentrated sulfuric acid solutions.

The application scope and fields of Hastelloy C276 include:

Hastelloy C276 alloy has been widely applied in the fields of chemical engineering and petrochemicals, such as in components and catalytic systems that come into contact with chloride-containing organic compounds. This material is particularly suitable for use in high-temperature environments, inorganic and organic acids mixed with impurities (such as formic acid and acetic acid), and seawater corrosive environments.

Other application fields of Hastelloy C-276:

1. Pulp and paper industry, such as cooking and bleaching containers

2. The scrubber tower, reheater, wet steam fan, etc. in the FGD system

3. Equipment and components operating in an acidic gas environment

4. Reactors for acetic acid and acidic products

5. Sulfuric acid condenser

6. Methylene diphenyl isocyanate (MDI)

7. Production and processing of impure phosphoric acid

Corresponding grades of Incoloy 800H at home and abroad:

The minimum mechanical properties of Incoloy 800H alloy at room temperature:

Chemical composition of Incoloy 800H:

The Incoloy 800H has the following characteristics:

1. It has excellent corrosion resistance in water-based media at extremely high temperatures up to 500℃

2. Excellent resistance to stress corrosion

3. Excellent processability

The metallographic structure of Incoloy 800H:

Incoloy 800H has a face-centered cubic lattice structure. The extremely low carbon content and the increased Ti:C ratio enhance the stability of the structure, as well as the maximum resistance to sensitization and intergranular corrosion. Low-temperature annealing at around 950℃ ensures a fine-grained structure.

Corrosion resistance of Incoloy 800H:

After rapid cooling from high temperature, 800H alloy remains in the single austenite zone. Therefore, its service state is a single austenite structure.

The alloy has a relatively high chromium content and sufficient nickel content, so it has excellent high-temperature corrosion resistance and is widely used in industry.

It has excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking in chloride, low-concentration NaOH aqueous solution and high-temperature and high-pressure water, so it is used to manufacture equipment resistant to stress corrosion cracking.

Incoloy 800H is resistant to corrosion by many corrosive media. Its relatively high nickel content endows it with excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking under water-based corrosive conditions. The high chromium content endows it with better resistance to pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion cracking. This alloy has excellent resistance to nitric acid and organic acid corrosion, but its resistance to sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid is limited. Except for the possibility of pitting corrosion in halides, it has excellent corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and non-oxidizing salts. It also has excellent corrosion resistance in water, steam, and mixtures of steam, air, and carbon dioxide.

Process Performance and Requirements of Incoloy 800H:

Hot working

1. The temperature range is 1200℃ to 950℃, and the cooling method is water quenching or rapid air cooling.

2. To achieve the best performance and creep resistance, solution treatment should be carried out after hot working.

3. The material can be directly sent into the furnace that has been heated to 1200℃, and after being held at that temperature for a sufficient period of time, it can be quickly taken out of the furnace for thermal processing within the specified temperature range. When the material temperature drops below the hot working temperature, it needs to be reheated.

Cold working

1. The work hardening rate is greater than that of austenitic stainless steel, so the processing equipment needs to be carefully selected. Cold working materials should be in the solution heat treatment state, and intermediate annealing should be carried out when the cold working volume is large.

2. If the cold working volume exceeds 10%, the workpiece needs to undergo secondary solution treatment.

The application scope and fields of Incoloy 800H include:

1. Nitric acid condenser - resistant to nitric acid corrosion

2. Steam heating tubes - Excellent mechanical properties

3. Heating element tube - Excellent mechanical properties

Similar grades 

Chemical composition of Incoloy 800HT:

Physical properties of Incoloy 800HT:

The minimum mechanical properties of Incoloy 800HT alloy at room temperature:

The 800HT alloy has the following characteristics:

It has excellent corrosion resistance in water-based media at extremely high temperatures up to 500℃

2. Excellent resistance to stress corrosion

3. Excellent processability

The metallographic structure of Incoloy 800HT:

800HT has a face-centered cubic lattice structure. The extremely low carbon content and the increased Ti:C ratio enhance the stability of the structure, as well as the maximum resistance to sensitization and intergranular corrosion. Low-temperature annealing at around 950℃ ensures a fine-grained structure.

Corrosion resistance of Incoloy 800HT:

800HT is resistant to corrosion by many corrosive media. Its relatively high nickel content endows it with excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking under water-based corrosive conditions. The high chromium content endows it with better resistance to pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion cracking. This alloy has excellent resistance to nitric acid and organic acid corrosion, but its resistance to sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid is limited. Except for the possibility of pitting corrosion in halides, it has excellent corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and non-oxidizing salts. It also has excellent corrosion resistance in water, steam, and mixtures of steam, air, and carbon dioxide.

The application scope and fields of Incoloy 800HT include:

1. Nitric acid condenser - resistant to nitric acid corrosion

2. Steam heating tubes - Excellent mechanical properties

3. Heating element tube - Excellent mechanical properties

For applications in environments up to 500℃, the alloy is supplied in annealed condition.

**Incoloy 800HT** is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy, belonging to the high-temperature alloy series, with excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and high strength. It is an improved version of the Incoloy 800 series. By adjusting the chemical composition and heat treatment process, its high-temperature performance and creep resistance have been further enhanced.

The following is a detailed introduction about the Incoloy 800HT:

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1. ** Chemical Composition **

The main components of Incoloy 800HT include:

- Nickel (Ni) : 30.0% - 35.0%

- Chromium (Cr) : 19.0% - 23.0%

- Iron (Fe)**: Surplus

- Carbon (C) : 0.06% - 0.10%

- Aluminium (Al)**: 0.15% - 0.60%

- Titanium (Ti) : 0.15% - 0.60%

- Manganese (Mn) : ≤1.5%

- Silicon (Si) : ≤1.0%

- Copper (Cu) : ≤0.75%

- Sulfur (S) : ≤0.015%.

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2. ** Performance Characteristics **

#### (1) ** High temperature oxidation resistance **

Incoloy 800HT exhibits excellent oxidation resistance and thermal corrosion resistance in high-temperature environments (up to 1100°C).

It is suitable for high-temperature environments such as high-temperature furnaces, heat treatment equipment and combustion chambers.

#### (2) Corrosion resistance

It has excellent corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing media, especially excelling in sulfuric acid, nitric acid and alkaline environments.

It has a high resistance to stress corrosion cracking caused by chlorides.

#### (3) High strength and creep resistance

It still maintains high strength at high temperatures, with tensile strength reaching 450-600 MPa and yield strength of 200-300 MPa.

It has excellent creep resistance and is suitable for long-term high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions.

#### (4) Machining performance

It has excellent cold and hot working performance and can be formed through processes such as forging, rolling and drawing.

It has excellent welding performance. Common welding methods include TIG welding, MIG welding and plasma welding.

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3. ** Physical Properties **

- Density: 7.95 g/cm³

- Resistivity: 98 μΩ·cm.

- Thermal conductivity: 11.7 W/m·K.

- Coefficient of thermal expansion: 14.5 µm/m·°C within the range of 20°C to 100°C.

- Melting point: 1350°C - 1400°C.

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4. ** Manufacturing Process **

- ** Melting and Casting **: The castings are obtained through precision casting using a vacuum induction furnace for melting.

- ** Heat treatment **: Solution treatment is usually carried out at 1100°C - 1150°C, followed by rapid cooling to optimize corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

- ** Processing and Welding **: It can be formed through cold working and hot working. During welding, the temperature and speed need to be controlled to avoid corrosion sensitivity in the heat-affected zone.

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5. ** Application Fields **

- ** Petrochemical **: Used in cracking furnaces, heating furnaces, heat exchangers and piping systems.

- ** Electric Power Industry **: Applicable to high-temperature and high-pressure components in nuclear power plants and thermal power plants.

- ** Chemical Industry **: Used in reaction vessels, distillation columns and catalyst carriers.

- ** Heat treatment equipment **: Applicable to high-temperature furnaces, annealing furnaces and carburizing furnaces.

- ** Environmental Protection Engineering **: Used in flue gas desulfurization devices, waste gas treatment equipment, etc.

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6. ** Advantages and Disadvantages **

#### ** Advantages

It performs exceptionally well in high-temperature environments and has excellent oxidation resistance and creep resistance.

- Good corrosion resistance and high strength.

It has excellent welding performance and is easy to manufacture complex components.

#### ** Disadvantages **

It has a relatively high cost and a price higher than that of ordinary stainless steel.

Stress corrosion cracking may occur in high-temperature and high-stress environments.

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Summary

Incoloy 800HT is a high-performance superalloy, suitable for extreme high-temperature and corrosive environments. It has extensive applications in fields such as petrochemicals, power industry, and chemical industry. Despite its high cost, its excellent comprehensive performance makes it an ideal choice for high-end industrial materials.

Corresponding grades of Incoloy 825 at home and abroad:

The minimum mechanical properties of Incoloy 825 alloy at room temperature:

Chemical composition of Incoloy 825:

The Incoloy 825 has the following characteristics:

1. Good resistance to stress corrosion cracking

2. Good resistance to pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion

3. Excellent antioxidant and non-oxidizing thermal acid properties

4. It has excellent mechanical properties at both room temperature and high temperatures up to 550℃

5. Certified for manufacturing pressure vessels with a temperature up to 450℃

The metallographic structure of Incoloy 825:

Incoloy 825 has a face-centered cubic lattice structure.

The corrosion resistance of Incoloy 825:

Incoloy 825 alloy is a universal engineering alloy that has resistance to acid and alkali metal corrosion in both oxidizing and reducing environments. The high nickel content endows the alloy with effective resistance to stress corrosion cracking. It has excellent corrosion resistance in various media, such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and organic acids, alkali metals like sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid solutions. The high comprehensive performance of 825 alloy is manifested in nuclear combustion dissolvers with diverse corrosive media, such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid and sodium hydroxide, all being processed in the same equipment.

Process Performance and Requirements of Incoloy 825:

Hot working

1. The appropriate hot working temperature is 1150-900℃, and the cooling method can be water quenching or rapid air cooling.

2. During hot working, the workpiece can be directly sent into the furnace that has already reached a certain temperature. After the furnace is heated up, the heat preservation time of the material is 60 minutes for every 100mm thickness. After being kept warm for the specified time, it should be taken out immediately and processed within the specified temperature range. If the temperature of the metal drops below the minimum processing temperature, it should be reheated.

3. After hot working, annealing should be carried out in a timely manner to ensure the best corrosion resistance and suitable crystal structure.

Cold working

1. Cold working should be carried out after solution treatment, and the work hardening rate is close to that of austenitic stainless steel, because

This processing equipment should be adjusted accordingly.

2. When the cold working volume is large, an intermediate annealing process should be carried out. When the final cold deformation is greater than 15%, final stabilization treatment is required.

The application scope and fields of Incoloy 825 are:

Incoloy 825 alloy is widely used in various industrial fields where the operating temperature does not exceed 550℃.

The typical applications of Incoloy 825 are:

Heating tubes, containers, baskets and chains, etc. used in sulfuric acid pickling plants.

2. Seawater cooling heat exchangers, Marine product pipeline systems, and pipelines for acidic gas environments.

3. Heat exchangers, evaporators, washing tubes, impregnating tubes, etc. in phosphoric acid production.

4. Air heat exchangers in petroleum refining

5. Food Engineering

6. Chemical process

7. Flame-retardant alloys for high-pressure oxygen applications

Corresponding domestic and international grades of GH600:

Chemical composition of Inconel 600:

The minimum mechanical properties of Inconel 600 alloy at room temperature:

The Inconel 600 alloy has the following characteristics:

1. It has excellent resistance to corrosion by reducing, oxidizing and nitriding media

2. It has excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking at both room temperature and high temperature

3. It has excellent resistance to corrosion from dry chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride gas

4. It has excellent mechanical properties at sub-zero temperatures, room temperature and high temperatures

5. It has excellent creep fracture strength and is recommended for use in working environments above 700℃.

The metallographic structure of Inconel 600:

600 has a face-centered cubic lattice structure.

Corrosion resistance of Inconel 600:

600 alloy is resistant to various corrosive media. The chromium content makes this alloy have better corrosion resistance than nickel 99.2 (Alloy 200) and nickel 99.2 (Alloy 201, low carbon) under oxidizing conditions. Meanwhile, the relatively high nickel content enables the alloy to have excellent corrosion resistance under reducing conditions and in alkaline solutions, and can effectively prevent chlorine-iron stress corrosion cracking. Alloy 600 has excellent corrosion resistance in organic acids such as acetic acid, formic acid and stearic acid, and moderate corrosion resistance in inorganic acids. It has excellent corrosion resistance in high-purity water that is recycled for primary and secondary use in nuclear reactors. The most outstanding performance of 600 is its ability to resist the corrosion of dry chlorine and hydrogen chloride, with an application temperature up to 650℃. At high temperatures, the annealed and solution-treated alloys exhibit excellent oxidation resistance and high strength in the air. This alloy can also resist ammonia and nitriding and carburizing atmospheres. However, when the oxidation-reduction conditions alternate, the alloy will be corroded by some oxidizing media (such as green death liquid).

The application scope and fields of Inconel 600 include:

1. Thermocouple sleeves in an erosive atmosphere

2. Vinyl chloride monomer production: Resistant to chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride, oxidation and carbonization corrosion

3. Oxidation of uranium to hexafluoride: Resistant to hydrogen fluoride corrosion

4. The production and application fields of corrosive alkali metals, especially in environments where sulfides are used

5. Titanium dioxide is produced by the chlorine gas method

6. Production of organic or inorganic chlorides and fluorides: Resistant to chlorine and fluorine corrosion

7. Nuclear reactor

8. Curved necked bottles and their components in heat treatment furnaces, especially in carbonization and nitriding atmospheres

For catalytic regenerators in petrochemical production, alloy 600 is recommended for applications above 700℃ to achieve a longer service life.

Corresponding grades of Inconel 625 at home and abroad:

Chemical composition of Inconel 625:

The minimum mechanical properties of Inconel 625 alloy at room temperature:

The Inconel 625 has the following characteristics:

1. It has an extremely excellent corrosion resistance to various corrosive media in both oxidizing and reducing environments

2. It has excellent resistance to pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion, and will not cause stress corrosion cracking due to chlorides

3. Excellent resistance to inorganic acids, such as nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and mixed acids of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, etc

4. Excellent resistance to corrosion from various inorganic acid mixed solutions

5. When the temperature reaches 40℃, it can exhibit excellent corrosion resistance in hydrochloric acid solutions of various concentrations

6. Good processability and weldability, with no sensitivity to cracking after welding

7. It has manufacturing certification for pressure vessels with wall temperatures ranging from -196 to 450℃

8. Certified by the American Society of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) standard (MR-01-75), it meets the highest standard level VII for use in acidic gas environments

The metallographic structure of Inconel 625:

625 has a face-centered cubic lattice structure. When held at approximately 650 ° C for a sufficient period of time, carbon particles and unstable quaternary phases will precipitate and transform into stable Ni3(Nb,Ti) rhombic lattice phases. After solid solution strengthening, the molybdenum and niobium components in the nickel-chromium matrix will improve the mechanical properties of the material, but the plasticity will be somewhat reduced.

Corrosion resistance of Inconel 625:

625 alloy exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in many media. It has excellent resistance to pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, intergranular corrosion and erosion in chloride media. It has excellent resistance to inorganic acid corrosion, such as nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc. At the same time, it also has the performance of resisting alkali and organic acid corrosion in both oxidizing and reducing environments. Effective resistance to chloride ion reducing stress corrosion cracking. It hardly causes corrosion in seawater and industrial gas environments, and has high corrosion resistance to seawater and salt solutions, even at high temperatures. There is no sensitivity during the welding process. It has anti-carbonization and anti-oxidation properties in both static and circulating environments, and is resistant to corrosion from chlorine-containing gases.

Process Performance and Requirements of Inconel 625:

Hot working

1. The hot working temperature range is 1150℃ to 900℃, and the cooling method is water quenching or other rapid cooling methods.

2. To achieve the best performance and corrosion resistance, annealing treatment should be carried out after hot working.

3. When heating, the material can be directly sent into the furnace that has been heated to the highest working temperature. After holding for a sufficient period of time (60 minutes of holding time is required for every 100mm thickness), it should be quickly taken out of the furnace and undergo hot processing in the high-temperature section of the specified temperature range. When the material temperature drops below the hot working temperature, it needs to be reheated.

Cold working

Cold working materials should be in the annealed state, and the work hardening rate should be greater than that of austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel.

2. Intermediate annealing is required during cold working.

When the processing volume exceeds 15%, annealing treatment should be carried out after hot working.

The application scope and fields of Inconel 625 include:

The low-carbon alloy 625 after softening annealing is widely used in the chemical process industry. Its good corrosion resistance and high strength enable it to be used as a relatively thin structural component.

625 alloy can be applied in situations where it comes into contact with seawater and is subjected to high mechanical stress. Typical application fields:

1. Components of organic chemical process technology containing chlorides, especially in cases where acidic chloride catalysts are used

2. Steamers and bleaching tanks used in the pulp and paper industry

3. The absorption tower, reheater, flue gas inlet baffle, fan (wet), agitator, deflector plate and flue duct in the flue gas desulfurization system

4. It is used for manufacturing equipment and components applied in acidic gas environments

5. Acetic acid and acetic anhydride reaction generator

6. Sulfuric acid condenser

Corresponding domestic and international grades of Monel 400:

The minimum mechanical properties of Monel 400 alloy at room temperature:

Chemical composition of Monel 400:

Mechanical properties of Monel400 (High-quality bar)

The Monel 400 has the following characteristics:

Monel400 is a corrosion-resistant alloy with the largest usage volume, the widest application range and excellent comprehensive performance. This alloy has excellent corrosion resistance in hydrofluoric acid and fluorine gas media, and also has good corrosion resistance to hot concentrated alkali solutions. It is also resistant to corrosion from neutral solutions, water, seawater, atmosphere, organic compounds, etc. An important feature of this alloy is that it generally does not produce stress corrosion cracks and has good machinability.

The metallographic structure of Monel 400:

The microstructure of Monel400 alloy is a high-strength single-phase solid solution.

Corrosion resistance of Monel 400:

Monel400 alloy has extremely excellent corrosion resistance in fluorine gas, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid and their derivatives. Meanwhile, it is more corrosion-resistant than copper-based alloys in seawater. Acid medium: Monel400 is corrosion-resistant in sulfuric acid with a concentration of less than 85%. Monel400 is one of the very few important materials that can resist hydrofluoric acid. Water corrosion: Monel400 alloy not only has excellent corrosion resistance in most water corrosion cases, but also rarely experiences pitting corrosion, stress corrosion, etc. The corrosion rate is less than 0.025mm/a. High-temperature corrosion: The maximum continuous operating temperature of Monel400 in air is generally around 600℃. In high-temperature steam, the corrosion rate is less than 0.026mm/a. Ammonia: Due to the high nickel content of Monel400 alloy, it can resist corrosion from anhydrous ammonia and ammoniation conditions below 585℃.

Process Performance and Requirements of Monel 400:

Hot working

The annealing temperature should be controlled at 700-900 ℃. Rapid air cooling is recommended to achieve the best corrosion resistance. Time and temperature will directly affect the final grain size, and the annealing parameters must be carefully formulated.

Cold working

Intermediate annealing should be carried out in cold working. It has a relatively high work hardening rate

The cold forming deformation should be higher than 5%, and it can only be used after stress relief or annealing

The application scope and fields of Monel 400 include:

Monel400 alloy is a versatile material that can be applied in many industrial fields:

1. Seamless water supply pipes and steam pipes in power plants

2. Seawater exchanger and evaporator

3. Sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid environment

4. Crude oil distillation

5. Pump shafts and propellers of equipment used in seawater

6. Equipment used in the nuclear industry for uranium refining and isotope separation

7. Manufacture pumps and valves used in hydrochloric acid production equipment

Similar grades

The chemical composition of Monel K500:

Physical properties of Monel K500:

The minimum mechanical properties of Monel K500 alloy at room temperature:

Alloy K500 (also known as Monel K-500) is a high-performance nickel-copper alloy, which has been widely used in multiple industrial fields due to its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and good high-temperature performance.

The following is a detailed introduction about Alloy K500:

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1. ** Chemical Composition **

The main components of Alloy K500 include:

- Nickel (Ni) : 63.0% - 70.0%

- Copper (Cu) : 27.0% - 33.0%

- ** Aluminium (Al)**: 2.3% - 3.3%

- Titanium (Ti) : 0.35% - 0.85%

Iron (Fe) : ≤2.0%

Manganese (Mn) : ≤1.5%

- Silicon (Si) : ≤0.5%

- Carbon (C) : ≤0.25%

Sulfur (S) : ≤0.01%.

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2. ** Performance Characteristics **

#### (1) Corrosion resistance

Alloy K500 performs well in corrosive media such as seawater, acids and alkalis, especially having extremely high resistance to stress corrosion cracking caused by chloride ions.

In Marine engineering, it can work stably for a long time and is suitable for components such as seawater valves and pump shafts.

#### (2) High strength and hardness

After aging treatment, the yield strength of Alloy K500 can reach 550-750 MPa, the tensile strength is 690-890 MPa, and the hardness is 30-40 HRC (Rockwell hardness).

Its strength is more than twice that of common nickel-copper alloys such as Alloy 400.

#### (3) ** High temperature performance **

In high-temperature environments, Alloy K500 can still maintain high strength and stability, and is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in fields such as aerospace and petrochemicals.

#### (4) Non-magnetic

-Alloy K500 remains non-magnetic at a temperature as low as -101℃ and is suitable for fields such as electronic devices and medical equipment that have requirements for low magnetism.

#### (5) Abrasion resistance

It has excellent wear resistance and is suitable for the manufacturing of mechanical equipment and tools.

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3. ** Physical Properties **

- ** Density **: 8.44 g/cm³

- Resistivity: 64 μΩ·cm.

- Thermal conductivity: 17.5 W/m·K.

- Coefficient of thermal expansion: 14.9 µm/m·°C within the range of 20°C to 300°C.

---

4. ** Manufacturing Process **

- ** Melting and Casting **: The castings are obtained through precision casting using a vacuum induction furnace for melting.

- ** Heat treatment **: It includes solution treatment (980-1000℃) and aging treatment (550-600℃) to optimize mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

- ** Processing and Welding **: It can be processed through forging, rolling and other techniques. During welding, temperature and speed need to be controlled. Common methods include TIG welding and MIG welding.

---

5. ** Application Fields **

- ** Aerospace **: Used for manufacturing engine components, turbine blades, etc.

- ** Marine Engineering **: Applicable to seawater treatment equipment, valves, pump shafts, etc.

- ** Petrochemical **: Used in equipment such as pipelines, valves, and reactors.

- ** Medical devices **: Used for artificial joints, dental materials, etc.

- ** Electronics Industry **: Used for high-precision elastic elements and connectors.

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6. ** Advantages and Disadvantages **

#### ** Advantages

- Excellent corrosion resistance and high strength.

- Good high-temperature performance and wear resistance.

Non-magnetic, suitable for special fields.

#### ** Disadvantages **

Stress corrosion cracking may occur in a high-stress environment.

The production cost is relatively high and the processing difficulty is considerable.

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Summary

Alloy K500, with its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and high-temperature performance, has important applications in fields such as aerospace, Marine engineering and petrochemicals. Despite certain limitations, its comprehensive performance makes it an ideal choice for high-end industrial materials.

Similar grades

The chemical composition of Nickel 200:

Physical properties of Nickel 200:

The minimum mechanical properties of Nickel 200 alloy at room temperature:

Nickel 200 alloy has the following characteristics:

Nickel200 is a pure commercial (99.6%) nickel, featuring excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, high thermal and electrical conductivity, low gas content and low vapor pressure.

UNS N02200 (also known as Nickel 200 or Ni200) is a commercial pure nickel alloy, renowned for its high purity, excellent corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties and high-temperature stability.

The following is a detailed introduction about UNS N02200:

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1. ** Chemical Composition **

The main chemical components of UNS N02200 include:

- Nickel (Ni) : ≥99.0%

- Carbon (C) : ≤0.15%

- Copper (Cu) : ≤0.25%

- Iron (Fe) : ≤0.40%

- Manganese (Mn) : ≤0.35%

- Silicon (Si) : ≤0.35%

- Sulfur (S) : ≤0.01%.

---

2. ** Physical Properties **

- ** Density **: 8.89 g/cm³

- ** Melting point **: 1,453°C

- ** Coefficient of thermal expansion **: 13.3 × 10⁻⁶ /°C

- ** Thermal conductivity **: 70.2 W/(m·K)

- ** Resistivity: 6.84 × 10⁻⁸ Ω·m.

---

### 3. Mechanical Properties

- ** Tensile strength: ≥586 MPa

- ** Yield strength: ≥241 MPa

- ** Elongation **: ≥45%.

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4. ** Performance Characteristics **

#### (1) Corrosion resistance

UNS N02200 exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing media, especially in strong acidic, alkaline and chloride environments.

It has extremely high stability against seawater, salt solutions and organic media such as fatty acids, phenols, alcohols, etc.

#### (2) ** High temperature performance **

At high temperatures (up to 600°F/315°C), UNS N02200 can still maintain good oxidation resistance and creep resistance.

Its low carbon content makes it less prone to carbide precipitation in high-temperature environments, thus maintaining high strength and ductility.

#### (3) Machining performance

It has excellent cold and hot working performance and is suitable for various processing methods such as cold rolling, cold drawing and forging.

It has excellent welding performance. Common welding methods include TIG welding, MIG welding, etc.

---

5. ** Application Fields **

- ** Chemical Industry **: It is used to manufacture reactors, heat exchangers, pipelines and other equipment, especially when dealing with corrosive media such as strong acids and strong alkalis.

- ** Food Processing **: It is used to manufacture food processing equipment due to its corrosion resistance to food media and pollution-free characteristics.

- ** Electronics Industry **: Used for manufacturing precision electronic components and high vacuum equipment.

- ** Aerospace **: It is used for manufacturing high-temperature components such as aero engine parts and gas turbine blades.

- ** Marine Engineering **: Performs well in seawater environments and is suitable for offshore platforms and ship equipment.

---

6. ** Advantages and Disadvantages **

#### ** Advantages

- Excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance.

- Good processing performance and welding performance.

Its low carbon content makes it more stable in high-temperature environments.

#### ** Disadvantages **

It has a relatively high cost and is difficult to process.

It has poor corrosion resistance in a high-speed flowing acidic environment.

---

Summary

UNS N02200 is a high-performance low-carbon pure nickel alloy, which is widely used in fields such as chemical engineering, aerospace, electronics and food processing. Its outstanding corrosion resistance, high-temperature performance and processing performance make it an ideal material for extreme environments. Despite its high cost, its comprehensive performance has irreplaceable advantages in harsh environments.

If more detailed technical parameters or application cases are needed, relevant standards (such as ASTM B162, AMS 5553) can be referred to or professional suppliers can be contacted.

Similar grades

Chemical composition of Nickel 201:

Physical properties of Nickel 201:

The minimum mechanical properties of Nickel 201 alloy at room temperature:

**UNS N02201** (also known as **Nickel 201** or **Ni201**) is a low-carbon pure nickel alloy, renowned for its high purity, excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance.

The following is a detailed introduction about UNS N02201:

---

1. ** Chemical Composition **

The main chemical components of UNS N02201 include:

- Nickel (Ni) : ≥99.0%

- Carbon (C) : ≤0.02%

- Copper (Cu) : ≤0.25%

- Iron (Fe) : ≤0.40%

- Manganese (Mn) : ≤0.35%

- Silicon (Si) : ≤0.35%

- Sulfur (S) : ≤0.01%.

---

2. ** Physical Properties **

- ** Density **: 8.89 g/cm³

- ** Melting point **: 1,453°C

- ** Coefficient of thermal expansion **: 13.3 × 10⁻⁶ /°C

- ** Thermal conductivity **: 70.2 W/(m·K)

- ** Resistivity: 6.84 × 10⁻⁸ Ω·m.

---

3. **  Mechanical Properties **

- Tensile strength: ≥586 MPa

- Yield strength: ≥241 MPa

- Elongation **: ≥45%.

---

4. ** Performance Characteristics **

#### (1) Corrosion resistance

UNS N02201 exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing media, especially in strong acidic, alkaline and chloride environments.

It has extremely high stability against seawater, salt solutions and organic media such as fatty acids, phenols, alcohols, etc.

#### (2) ** High temperature performance **

At high temperatures (up to 600°C), UNS N02201 can still maintain good oxidation resistance and creep resistance.

Its low carbon content makes it less prone to carbide precipitation in high-temperature environments, thus maintaining high strength and ductility.

#### (3) Machining performance

It has excellent cold and hot working performance and is suitable for various processing methods such as cold rolling, cold drawing and forging.

It has excellent welding performance. Common welding methods include TIG welding, MIG welding, etc.

---

5. ** Application Fields **

- ** Chemical Industry **: It is used to manufacture reactors, heat exchangers, pipelines and other equipment, especially when dealing with corrosive media such as strong acids and strong alkalis.

- ** Aerospace **: It is used for manufacturing high-temperature components such as aero engine parts and gas turbine blades.

- ** Electronics Industry **: Used for manufacturing precision electronic components and high vacuum equipment.

- ** Food Processing **: It is used to manufacture food processing equipment due to its corrosion resistance to food media and pollution-free characteristics.

---

6. ** Advantages and Disadvantages **

#### ** Advantages

- Excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance.

- Good processing performance and welding performance.

Its low carbon content makes it more stable in high-temperature environments.

#### ** Disadvantages **

It has a relatively high cost and is difficult to process.

It has poor corrosion resistance in a high-speed flowing acidic environment.

---

Summary

UNS N02201 is a high-performance low-carbon pure nickel alloy, which is widely used in fields such as chemical engineering, aerospace, electronics and food processing. Its outstanding corrosion resistance, high-temperature performance and processing performance make it an ideal material for extreme environments. Despite its high cost, its comprehensive performance has irreplaceable advantages in harsh environments.

If more detailed technical parameters or application cases are needed, relevant standards (such as ASTM B162, AMS 5553) can be referred to or professional suppliers can be contacted.